Pseudo Geometric Sequences (noch nicht übersetzt)
Problem 771
We define a pseudo-geometric sequence to be a finite sequence $a_0, a_1, \dotsc, a_n$ of positive integers, satisfying the following conditions:
- $n \geq 4$, i.e. the sequence has at least 5 terms.
- $0 < a_0 < a_1 < \dotsc < a_n$, i.e. the sequence is strictly increasing.
- $| a_i^2 - a_{i - 1}a_{i + 1} | \le 2$ for $1 \le i \le n-1$.
Let $G(N)$ be the number of different pseudo-geometric sequences whose terms do not exceed $N$.
For example, $G(6) = 4$, as the following $4$ sequences give a complete list:
Also, $G(10) = 26$, $G(100) = 4710$ and $G(1000) = 496805$.
Find $G(10^{18})$. Give your answer modulo $1\,000\,000\,007$.