Beds and Desks (noch nicht übersetzt)
At Euler University, each of the n students (numbered from 1 to n) occupies a bed in the dormitory and uses a desk in the classroom.
Some of the beds are in private rooms which a student occupies alone, while the others are in double rooms occupied by two students as roommates. Similarly, each desk is either a single desk for the sole use of one student, or a twin desk at which two students sit together as desk partners.
We represent the bed and desk sharing arrangements each by a list of pairs of student numbers. For example, with n=4, if (2,3) represents the bed pairing and (1,3)(2,4) the desk pairing, then students 2 and 3 are roommates while 1 and 4 have single rooms, and students 1 and 3 are desk partners, as are students 2 and 4.
The new chancellor of the university decides to change the organisation of beds and desks: a permutation σ of the numbers 1,2,…,n will be chosen, and each student k will be given both the bed and the desk formerly occupied by student number σ(k).
The students agree to this change, under the conditions that:
- Any two students currently sharing a room will still be roommates.
- Any two students currently sharing a desk will still be desk partners.
In the example above, there are only two ways to satisfy these conditions: either take no action (σ is the identity permutation), or reverse the order of the students.
With n=6, for the bed pairing (1,2)(3,4)(5,6) and the desk pairing (3,6)(4,5), there are 8 permutations which satisfy the conditions. One example is the mapping (1,2,3,4,5,6)↦(1,2,5,6,3,4).
With n=36, if we have bed pairing:
(2,13)(4,30)(5,27)(6,16)(10,18)(12,35)(14,19)(15,20)(17,26)(21,32)(22,33)(24,34)(25,28)
and desk pairing
(1,35)(2,22)(3,36)(4,28)(5,25)(7,18)(9,23)(13,19)(14,33)(15,34)(20,24)(26,29)(27,30)
then among the 36! possible permutations (including the identity permutation), 663552 of them satisfy the conditions stipulated by the students.
The downloadable text files beds.txt and desks.txt contain pairings for n=500. Each pairing is written on its own line, with the student numbers of the two roommates (or desk partners) separated with a comma. For example, the desk pairing in the n=4 example above would be represented in this file format as:
1,3 2,4
With these pairings, find the number of permutations that satisfy the students' conditions. Give your answer modulo 999999937.